Classification and Morphology of Black Ants (Dolichoderus thoracicus)

Classification and Morphology of Black Ants (Dolichoderus thoracicus) – Black ants or known as ireng ants are ants that are commonly found in citrus, cocoa, coffee, and mango plants (Kalshoven, 1981). Black ant nests are usually above ground level and also leaf sheds or dry and dark places and not far from food sources (Way and Khoo, 1992).

The black ant Dolichoderus thoracicus belongs to the order Hymenoptera (clear-winged insects) and belongs to the Familia Formicidae. The following is an explanation of the classification and morphology of black ants.

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Black Ant Classification

According to Kalshoven (1981), the classification of black ants is as follows:

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Arthropoda

Them: Hexapod

Ordo: Hymenopter

Family: Formicidae

Sub famili: Dolichoderus

Genus: Dolichoderus

Spesies: Dolichoderus thoracicus Smith

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Black Ant Morphology

According to Hashimoto & Rahman (2003), the characteristics of black ants on the head, thorax and abdomen are as follows:

1. Head

The ant's head has many sensory organs, including the antennae, antenal scrobe, eyes, clypeus, frontal carina, mandible and palp formula. The antenna is a segmented sensory organ of an ant located between a compound eye that consists of three parts, namely the scape (SC), pedicel (PD) and Funiculus (FC) or the same as Flagelum (FU).

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2. Thorax

Mesosoma (Altrunk) is the part of the insect body that is located between the head and abdomen. Alitrunk consists of thoracic segments namely; prothorax, mesothorax and metathorax (Hasmimoto & Rahman, 2003). Prothorax includes: pronotum (PN), propleuron (PR), while Mesothorax includes parts: mesonotum (MS), mesopleuron (MSP) and Metathorax includes: metapleuron (MTP).

3. Abdomen

The abdomen in ants consists of seven segments (A1-A7), namely propadeum (PPD,A1), petiole (PT,A2), gastral, fourth and seventh segments of gastrel (GA), pygydium (PY), and Hypopygidium (HY).

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