Coffee Skin Waste as an Alternative to Animal Feed

Coffee is currently one of the most promising commodities, because Indonesian coffee is very well known throughout the world. In fact, according to the Directorate General of Plantations, Ministry of Agriculture, coffee exports in 2016 reached 267,058 tons or worth 650 million US dollars. This proves that coffee is one of the leading commodities.

Coffee Skin Waste

In Indonesia, coffee plantations consist of smallholder plantations and industrial plantations, while in the Bangka Belitung Islands itself, the coffee plantation area is relatively small but has great potential to be developed.

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With the development of coffee processing, either on a small scale or on an industrial scale, it will certainly produce a by-product of coffee processing, one of which is coffee skin waste. From this processing, it will produce ± 65% coffee beans and ± 35% coffee husk waste, where the coffee husk waste can still be used, one of which is an alternative animal feed. The content in the coffee skin itself has the following nutritional contents: CP 9.94%, SK 18.17%, Fat 1.97%, Ash 11.28 %, Ca 0.68%, P 0.20%, GE 3306 Kcal and TDN 50.6% (Budiari, 2009).

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How to use coffee husk waste as an alternative to animal feed

To be used as animal feed, coffee husk waste should be fermented first to increase its nutritional content. Coffee rind fermentation usually uses a solution of Aspergillus Niger. The method of preparation is to mix water with sugar, NPK, Urea, and Aspergillus Niger then the mixture is incubated and aerated for 24-36 hours and the solution is ready to use. Then the coffee husk waste is mixed with the solution by making layers of the mixture and placing it in a shady place from rain and direct sunlight. Then let stand for 5-6 days for the fermentation process and after 5-6 days the fermented coffee husk waste is dried then ground as needed and the fermented coffee husk waste is ready to be used as animal feed.

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How is the result?

According to Guntoro et al (2003) giving coffee husks 100 – 200 g/head/day to PE goats increased the average growth from 68.15 g (traditional feed) to 99.25 – 100.10 g/head/day. And the provision of fermented coffee rind as much as 11% of the total ration for native Balinese chickens increased egg production from 35-45% from the previous 25%.

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Conclusion

From the data above, it can be seen that coffee husk waste has considerable potential to become an alternative animal feed that can increase livestock productivity.