How to Cultivate Mung Bean (Vigna radiata) in Indonesia

On this occasion we will provide information for all of you about Mung Bean Cultivation. Pay attention to the information we convey below for your knowledge in cultivation. Hopefully it can be useful and as a motivation for you in trying.

Mung Bean (Vigna radiata) that we know are often consumed in the form of green bean porridge. Green beans are one of the food crops that are easy to cultivate. These green beans can meet the needs of carbohydrates. The green seeds are slightly oval and have a hard texture.

Also read: Melon Fruit Cultivation in Indonesia

How to Cultivate Mung Bean

Growing Conditions

1.       Land

The suitable soil texture is loamy clay containing lots of organic matter, good aeration and drainage. Loose soil structure with pH 5.8 7.0 optimal 6.7. 

2.       Climate

Optimum rainfall 50 - 200 mm/month, temperature 25 - 27 0C with humidity 50 - 80% and sufficient sunlight

Seeds and Varieties

All varieties of green beans that have been released are suitable for planting in rice fields or dry fields. New varieties that are resistant to powdery mildew and leaf spot, such as Sriti, Kutilang, Perkutut, and Mural can be recommended to be planted in areas where the disease is endemic. The need for seeds is about 20 kg/ha with a growth rate of 90%.

Land preparation

On ex-paddy land, there is no need for tillage (No Tillage = TOT). The rice stump needs to be cut short and cleaned as necessary or set aside. If the soil is muddy, it is necessary to make a drainage channel with a distance of 3-5 m. On dry land or other former secondary crops (maize) it is necessary to cultivate the soil:

• plowing 15 - 20 cm deep,
• then mashed and flattened.
• irrigation canals are made with a distance of 3-5 m.

Also read: Red Ginger Cultivation Method

How to plant

Planting with a single system, two seeds / hole. In the rainy season, a spacing of 40 cm x 15 cm is used to reach a population of 300-400 thousand plants/ha. In the dry season, a spacing of 40 cm x 10 cm is used so that the population is around 400-500 thousand plants/ha. In former rice plants, planting of green beans should not be more than 5 days after the rice is harvested. Embroidery is done when the plants are no more than 7 days old.

Fertilization

For less fertile land, the plants are fertilized with 45 kg Urea + 45 - 90 kg SP36 + SD kg KCl/ha which is given at the time of planting in an array on the side of the planting hole along the row of plants. Organic materials in the form of manure as much as 1520 tons/ha and kitchen ash are very good for fertilizer and are given as a cover for planting holes. In fertile paddy fields, mung bean plants do not need to be fertilized or given organic matter.

Also read: Techniques for Cultivating Sorghum Plants

Straw mulch

To suppress seed fly pests, weed growth, and water evaporation, 5 tons/ha of rice straw can be applied as mulch.

Weeding

Weeding was done twice when the plants were 2 and 4 weeks old.

Irrigation

In hot areas (air temperature 30 -31 0C) and low humidity (54 - 52 %) crops need to be irrigated twice at the age of 21 days and 33 days. In moderate areas (air temperature 24 - 26 0C) and moderate to high humidity (77 - 82%) irrigation is sufficient to give once at the age of 21 days or 38 days. The critical period for mung bean to water availability is at the time of flowering (age 25 days) and pod filling (45 - 50 days), so that if there is a shortage of water during this period, irrigation is necessary.

Pests and Diseases

1.       Pest control

The main pests of mung bean are the pea fly Agmmyxa phaseoti, the Piusia chaitites caterpillar, the green ladybug Nezaravirfduta, the brown ladybug Riptonus tinearis, the pod borer Maruca testutalis and Etietla ztnckenetta, and the Thrips tick.

Pest control can be done with insecticides, such as: Cwifldor, Regent, Curacron, Atabnon, Furadan, or Pegassus with a dose of 2-3 ml/liter of water and spray volume of 5OIM>00 liters/ha. In endemic areas of the seed fly, Agromyza phaseoti requires seed treatment with the insecticide Carbosulfan (10 g/kg seed) or Fipnonil (5 cc/kg seed).

2.       Disease control

The main diseases were leaf spot fcrcospeiu w-cscenst stem rot, Erysiptiepoiygoni powdery mildew, and Bsinos giycines lung disease. Control is done by spraying fungicides such as: Benlate, Dithane M-45, Baycor, Delsene MX 700 or Daconil at the beginning of the attack with a dose of 2 g/l water. Powdery mildew Erysiphepofygoni was very effectively controlled with hexaconal fungicides given at 4 and 6 weeks of age. Leaf spot disease was effectively controlled with the hexaconazole fungicide given at 4, 5 and 6 weeks of age.

Also read: Types of Fertilizers That Are Good For Eggplant Plants And When To Use It

Harvest and postharvest

Harvesting is done when the pods are black or brown. Harvest by picking and immediately drying the pods in the sun for 2-3 days until the skin is easy to open. Grain is done by beating, preferably in a plastic bag or cloth to avoid loss of yield. Cleaning the seeds from dirt using nyiru (tampah) and drying the seeds again until dry, storing the water content reaches 8-10%